
Reverse Pyramid Training Works - Just ask Martin Berkhan if it does...
REVERSE PYRAMID TRAINING – HOW TO SET IT UP AND WHY IT WORKS
Whenever I want to write an article, I find it useful to think of something that I was unable to find readily available online when I first searched for it, and expand upon it by collaborating the information I learned into one concise spot.
Today will be a comprehensive post on RPT, or reverse pyramid training, and how to set this up in any program but more specifically how it pertains to the Leangains training system.
Reverse, It is the Opposite of Forward
First think of the muscle, and how it is worked. If you are tired or have worked your muscle you will not get the same performance from the muscles being trained that you would get if you were starting fresh and rested.
When we work in the gym, we are using stored energy in the muscle tissue itself. We will eventually burn the muscle out (known as going to failure) and have more than one path that can take us to this point.
- Option 1 – many programs would have you start at lower weights and work your way up to heavier weights as you drop repetitions. This is a very traditional way to train, and it will work to grow and exhaust muscle, but it is the most effective method at working the muscle?
Working Maximum Rested Muscle Fiber at one Time
It would seem that the most efficient way to train would be to put to work the most muscle fiber as possible in the shortest amount of time, thereby getting the end result of intense training done faster. This brings us to option 2, which we will build the theory or RPT on.
- Option 2 - RPT teaches the trainee to warm up to a close to maximum effort (approximately 80% of 1RM), and start as heavy as he or she can in order to immediately stress and put work on the most muscle tissue as much at the start of the set. You gradually reduce the weight on the remaining sets, and increase repetitions on these sets as well. This ensures you start the set with the most intensity you can and lift as heavy as you can while the most rested.
With proper rest, and nutrition between sessions the trainee should be able to gain strength on most, if not all sessions. If cutting, this will also help to retain size, granted that proper protein requirements are being met. For more on protein requirements see Lyle McDonald’s excellent write-up on Protein Intake While Dieting.
How Intense is Intense
In theory, if you are lifting with the proper intensity, and doing the recommended basic compound movements found here, you should feel exhausted both physically and mentally after a good RPT workout.
Before starting this program I was doing the excellent Ultimate Diet 2.0 which focuses on low calorie, high repetition depletion workouts and one power workout a week. I could therefore hit the gym practically every day, and managed to do 138 miles of cardio on machines over the course of six weeks.
Comparatively on the RPT regimen outlined below I cannot even fathom anything above minimum intensity cardio the next day of the workout, and even with some time deadlifting and squatting under my belt will still feel sufficiently (and in a healthy way) sore for several days after squats and deadlift sessions.
Martin Berkhan points out that not all workouts will be 100% winners, and some days you need to back off. That sometimes he does not train and must force himself to recover longer between sessions.
I would be lying when I frowned upon seeing that I was seven days between squat sessions. After seven days, I realized that to my amazement, I was still not 100% recovered like I had been in the past!
So in short, you should be ready to lift very heavy with this program.
It goes without saying that you should never ever try to lift more than you are comfortable than moving, and that you should have your form mastered before you attempt to lift heavy.
Two excellent resources on proper form, and how to stay safe while lifting are Starting Strength by Mark Rippetoe or Beyond Braun by Stuart McRobert. Both of which are great resources that I turn to on a regular basis.
A SAMPLE SETUP FOR REVERSE PYRAMID TRAINING
So let us assume that you have what you need. Your plan is in place and you want to start the program. First a few fundamentals:
- If you are doing leangains remember that generally less is more in most cases. If you are lifting heavy, with proper intensity you do NOT need to do more than what is outlined.
- Always warm up. If you try and go into a lift without warming the muscle up then you are heading for disaster. You need to get the muscle to a working state, and in this type of training you will work until you get there.
- Always take a day off between sets, and train the bottom and top with a day between. You will see what I mean below.
1. There are four key exercises:
Squats, Deadlifts, Benchpress, and Chins – many add in overhead press
This means you will be doing less work, but getting better results than most guys out there. I hate to say it, but unless you are an advanced lifter with 5+ years under your belt, there is a good chance that you have been doing more than necessary and not getting the best results.
2. You will train three days a week, and will completely push yourself. This is a definitely great way to get into fundamentals, watch your form etc. Expect to tax the CNS and be tired!
3. We will start heavy after a warm up to our first set, and then reduce the weight by 10-15%, and add 1-3 repetitions to the sets.
4. The actual days and order should be as follows
(we will pretend that this week starts on monday, this gives us the weekend to recover and do other things outside of the gym)
Day 1 (monday):
EDIT ON MAY 18, 2012:
It was pointed out to me on reddit.com/r/leangains that my warm up is likely overkill.
Feel free to do less in terms of warm up. Example is that today I did two sets of warm up for deadlifts and then into the primary lifts. So feel free to do less warm up.
Squats:
Warm up to working set (for example):
10 x bar \ 10 x 50 \ 8 x 100 \ 8 x 125
Working set:
8 x 150 (rest 3 minutes) \ 10 x 135 (rest 2 minutes) \ 12 x 120
Overhead press (using olympic bar):
Warm up to working set (for example):
10 x bar \ 10 x 25 \ 8 x 35 \ 8 x 45
Working set:
8 x 50 (rest 3 minutes) \ 10 x 45 (rest 2 minutes) \ 12 x 35
Day 3 (Wednesday):
Flat Bench:
Warm up to working set (for example):
10 x bar \ 10 x 50 \ 8 x 100 \ 8 x 125
Working set:
8 x 145 (rest 3 minutes) \ 10 x 130 (rest 2 minutes) \ 12 x 120
Incline Bench:
Warm up to working set (for example):
10 x bar \ 10 x 50 \ 8 x 70 \ 8 x 80
Working set:
8 x 110 (rest 3 minutes) \ 10 x 95 (rest 2 minutes) \ 12 x 85
Day 5 (Friday):
Deadlift:
Warm up to working set (for example):
10 x 90 \ 10 x 140 \ 8 x 175 \ 8 x 200
Working set:
8 x 240 (rest 3 minutes) \ 10 x 210 (rest 2 minutes) \ 12 x 195
Chin Ups (remember, hands face forward and watch form for complete reps):
Warm up to working set (for example):
10 x bodyweight \ 10 x bodyweight \ 8 x bodyweight
Working set:
8 x 20lb (rest 3 minutes) \ 10 x 10lb (rest 2 minutes) \ 12 x bodyweight
How to Progress in Weights
This is a good question that I also had, and from what I have read and been told, you can progress weights in two different ways, and it may not always be at the start of your heaviest set. For example, both of these are progressive:
Week 1: 8×150 / 10×130 / 12×120
Week 2: 8×160 / 10×140 / 12×130
Versus an increase at the end in weight, keeping the same repetitions:
Week 1: 8×150 / 10×130 / 12×120
Week 2: 8×150 / 10×135 / 12×140
And in this case, you would want to try to increase your start weight on the following week, to ensure you are setting STRENGTH gains as well as endurance gains.
ANOTHER Example of progression:
the user Baddo on reddit pointed out that Martin himself shows a progression for chin ups which looks like this:
- Week 1: 4×100 / 5×70 / 6×50 (the last two sets weren’t that hard so let’s increase them for next week)
- Week 2: 4×100 / 5×75 / 7×55
- Week 3: 5×100 / 6×75 / 6×60
- Week 4: 5×100 / 5×80 / 5×65
Remember to track everything
I cannot stress enough how you will never have an idea where you are going on where you are heading without tracking. Be sure to write down your progress. A cheap workout log can be as cheap as as we notebook that you can jot notes into. Not everything is made better in the digital age as I have yet to use a GOOD app for logging progress, and sometimes real life pages work best when creating a log and journal.
Lest you wind up with a case of FUCKAROUNDITIS… And that is the very last thing you should want.
Happy lifting!